MODPROBE(8)			   modprobe			   MODPROBE(8)



NAME
       modprobe - Add and remove modules from the Linux Kernel

SYNOPSIS
       modprobe [-v] [-V] [-C config-file] [-n] [-i] [-q] [-b] [modulename]
		[module parameters...]

       modprobe [-r] [-v] [-n] [-i] [modulename...]

       modprobe [-c]

       modprobe [--dump-modversions] [filename]

DESCRIPTION
       modprobe intelligently adds or removes a module from the Linux kernel:
       note that for convenience, there is no difference between _ and - in
       module names (automatic underscore conversion is performed).  modprobe
       looks in the module directory /lib/modules/`uname -r` for all the
       modules and other files, except for the optional configuration files in
       the /etc/modprobe.d directory (see modprobe.d(5)).  modprobe will also
       use module options specified on the kernel command line in the form of
       <module>.<option> and blacklists in the form of
       modprobe.blacklist=<module>.

       Note that unlike in 2.4 series Linux kernels (which are not supported
       by this tool) this version of modprobe does not do anything to the
       module itself: the work of resolving symbols and understanding
       parameters is done inside the kernel. So module failure is sometimes
       accompanied by a kernel message: see dmesg(8).

       modprobe expects an up-to-date modules.dep.bin file (or fallback human
       readable modules.dep file), as generated by the corresponding depmod
       utility shipped along with modprobe (see depmod(8)). This file lists
       what other modules each module needs (if any), and modprobe uses this
       to add or remove these dependencies automatically.

       If any arguments are given after the modulename, they are passed to the
       kernel (in addition to any options listed in the configuration file).

OPTIONS
       -a, --all
	   Insert all module names on the command line.

       -b, --use-blacklist
	   This option causes modprobe to apply the blacklist commands in the
	   configuration files (if any) to module names as well. It is usually
	   used by udev(7).

       -C, --config
	   This option overrides the default configuration directory
	   (/etc/modprobe.d).

	   This option is passed through install or remove commands to other
	   modprobe commands in the MODPROBE_OPTIONS environment variable.

       -c, --showconfig
	   Dump out the effective configuration from the config directory and
	   exit.

       --dump-modversions
	   Print out a list of module versioning information required by a
	   module. This option is commonly used by distributions in order to
	   package up a Linux kernel module using module versioning deps.

       -d, --dirname
	   Root directory for modules, / by default.

       --first-time
	   Normally, modprobe will succeed (and do nothing) if told to insert
	   a module which is already present or to remove a module which isn't
	   present. This is ideal for simple scripts; however, more
	   complicated scripts often want to know whether modprobe really did
	   something: this option makes modprobe fail in the case that it
	   actually didn't do anything.

       --force-vermagic
	   Every module contains a small string containing important
	   information, such as the kernel and compiler versions. If a module
	   fails to load and the kernel complains that the "version magic"
	   doesn't match, you can use this option to remove it. Naturally,
	   this check is there for your protection, so this using option is
	   dangerous unless you know what you're doing.

	   This applies to any modules inserted: both the module (or alias) on
	   the command line and any modules on which it depends.

       --force-modversion
	   When modules are compiled with CONFIG_MODVERSIONS set, a section
	   detailing the versions of every interfaced used by (or supplied by)
	   the module is created. If a module fails to load and the kernel
	   complains that the module disagrees about a version of some
	   interface, you can use "--force-modversion" to remove the version
	   information altogether. Naturally, this check is there for your
	   protection, so using this option is dangerous unless you know what
	   you're doing.

	   This applies any modules inserted: both the module (or alias) on
	   the command line and any modules on which it depends.

       -f, --force
	   Try to strip any versioning information from the module which might
	   otherwise stop it from loading: this is the same as using both
	   --force-vermagic and --force-modversion. Naturally, these checks
	   are there for your protection, so using this option is dangerous
	   unless you know what you are doing.

	   This applies to any modules inserted: both the module (or alias) on
	   the command line and any modules it on which it depends.

       -i, --ignore-install, --ignore-remove
	   This option causes modprobe to ignore install and remove commands
	   in the configuration file (if any) for the module specified on the
	   command line (any dependent modules are still subject to commands
	   set for them in the configuration file). Both install and remove
	   commands will currently be ignored when this option is used
	   regardless of whether the request was more specifically made with
	   only one or other (and not both) of --ignore-install or
	   --ignore-remove. See modprobe.d(5).

       -n, --dry-run, --show
	   This option does everything but actually insert or delete the
	   modules (or run the install or remove commands). Combined with -v,
	   it is useful for debugging problems. For historical reasons both
	   --dry-run and --show actually mean the same thing and are
	   interchangeable.

       -q, --quiet
	   With this flag, modprobe won't print an error message if you try to
	   remove or insert a module it can't find (and isn't an alias or
	   install/remove command). However, it will still return with a
	   non-zero exit status. The kernel uses this to opportunistically
	   probe for modules which might exist using request_module.

       -R, --resolve-alias
	   Print all module names matching an alias. This can be useful for
	   debugging module alias problems.

       -r, --remove
	   This option causes modprobe to remove rather than insert a module.
	   If the modules it depends on are also unused, modprobe will try to
	   remove them too. Unlike insertion, more than one module can be
	   specified on the command line (it does not make sense to specify
	   module parameters when removing modules).

	   There is usually no reason to remove modules, but some buggy
	   modules require it. Your distribution kernel may not have been
	   built to support removal of modules at all.

       -S, --set-version
	   Set the kernel version, rather than using uname(2) to decide on the
	   kernel version (which dictates where to find the modules).

       --show-depends
	   List the dependencies of a module (or alias), including the module
	   itself. This produces a (possibly empty) set of module filenames,
	   one per line, each starting with "insmod" and is typically used by
	   distributions to determine which modules to include when generating
	   initrd/initramfs images.  Install commands which apply are shown
	   prefixed by "install". It does not run any of the install commands.
	   Note that modinfo(8) can be used to extract dependencies of a
	   module from the module itself, but knows nothing of aliases or
	   install commands.

       -s, --syslog
	   This option causes any error messages to go through the syslog
	   mechanism (as LOG_DAEMON with level LOG_NOTICE) rather than to
	   standard error. This is also automatically enabled when stderr is
	   unavailable.

	   This option is passed through install or remove commands to other
	   modprobe commands in the MODPROBE_OPTIONS environment variable.

       -V, --version
	   Show version of program and exit.

       -v, --verbose
	   Print messages about what the program is doing. Usually modprobe
	   only prints messages if something goes wrong.

	   This option is passed through install or remove commands to other
	   modprobe commands in the MODPROBE_OPTIONS environment variable.

ENVIRONMENT
       The MODPROBE_OPTIONS environment variable can also be used to pass
       arguments to modprobe.

COPYRIGHT
       This manual page originally Copyright 2002, Rusty Russell, IBM
       Corporation. Maintained by Jon Masters and others.

SEE ALSO
       modprobe.d(5), insmod(8), rmmod(8), lsmod(8), modinfo(8)

AUTHORS
       Jon Masters <jcm@jonmasters.org>
	   Developer

       Robby Workman <rworkman@slackware.com>
	   Developer

       Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
	   Developer



kmod				  07/02/2013			   MODPROBE(8)